The Marine Corps Emblem

The history of the Marine Corps emblem is a story related to the history of the Corps itself. The emblem of today has its roots in the designs and ornaments of early Continental Marines as well as British Royal Marines. The emblem took its present form in 1868. Before that time many devices, ornaments, and distinguishing marks followed one another as official marks of the Corps.

In 1776 the device consisted of a, "foul anchor," of silver or pewter. The foul anchor still forms a part of the emblem today. (A foul anchor is an anchor which has one or more turns of the chain around it).

Changes were made in 1798, 1821, and 1824. In 1834 it was prescribed that a brass eagle be worn on the hat, the eagle to measure 3 1/2 inches from wingtip to wingtip.

During the early years numerous distinguishing marks were prescribed, including ,"black cockades, scarlet plumes and yellow bands and tassels." In 1859 the origin of the present color scheme for officer's dress uniform ornaments appeared on an elaborate device of solid white metal and yellow metal. The design included a United States shield, half wreath, a bugle, and the letter, "M."

In 1868 Brigadier General Commandant Jacob Zeilin appointed a board, " to decide and report upon the various devices of cap ornaments for the Marine Corps." On 13 November 1868 the board turned in its report. It was approved by the Commandant four days later and on 19 November 1868 was signed by the Secretary of the Navy.

The emblem recommended by this board has survived with minor changes to this day. It consists of a globe (showing the Western Hemisphere) intersected by a foul anchor and surmounted by a spread eagle. On the emblem itself the device is topped by a ribbon inscribed with the Latin motto, "Semper Fidelis," (Always Faithful). The uniform ornaments omit the motto ribbon.

The general design of the emblem was probably derived from the British Royal Marines' "Globe and Laurel." The globe on the U.S. Marine emblem signifies service in any part of the world. The eagle also indirectly signifies service worldwide although this may not have been the intention of the designers in 1868. The eagle they selected for the Marine emblem is a crested eagle, a type found all over the world. On the other hand, the eagle pictured on the great seal and the currency of the United States is the bald eagle, strictly an American variety. The anchor, whose origin dates back to the founding of the Marine Corps in 1775, indicates the amphibious nature of Marines' duties.

Reference Section, History and Museums Division, February 1996